Cutting-machine.



PATENTED JULY 3, 1906.

A. -B. POLLOGK.

, CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 23, 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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No. 824,948. P-ATENTBD-JULY '3, 1906.

A. B. POLLOCK;

CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED SBPT.23.1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Ed I

PATBNTED JULY 3, 1906.

7 A. E. POLLOGK. CUTTING MACHINE.

APIfLIOATION FILED SEPT. 23. 1905.

4 SH$ET8-SHEET 3.

. I n l u ru: NORRIS Fz'rsks cm. wAsnmcroN, m c.

PATENTED JULY .3, 1906.

A. E. POLLOOK.

CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 23,1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

wi tmmwo ADOLPH E. POLLOGK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CUTTING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 3, 1906.

Application filed September 23, 1905- Serial No. 279.770.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPH E. POLLOOK, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Cuttin Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine of this class thatwill operate so as to cut a large number of layers simultaneously andaccurately. This object is accomplished by providing a machine with acutter reciprocating in a frame movable transversely of the machine anda clamp which moves longitudinally of this machine, and in addition tothese movements the cutter may be oscillated or rotated about its axisso as to cut curved lines accurately. The cutter may be of any suitableform, according to the material to be out. If cloth be the ma terial,the cutter preferablyhas a knife-edge and if wood be cut the cutter isprovided with a saw-edge. In either case the operation of the machine issubstantially the same.

For a more particular description of one embodiment of my inventionreference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a parthereof, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved machine.Fig. 2 is an end elevation, certain parts being shown in section. Fig. 3is a plan view. Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the lines 4 4 ofFig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows. Figs. 5 and 6 areenlarged plan and sectional views of parts of the table and cuttingmechanism. Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. 1looking in the direction of the arrows. Figs. 8, 9, and are enlargedviews of the presser-foot, Fig. 8 being taken on the line 8 8 of Fig.9and Fig. 10 on the line 10 10 of Fig. 8. Fig. 11 is a sectional viewtaken on the line 11 11 of Fig. 2. Fig. 12 shows a portion of thereciprocating mechanism for the cutter. Figs. 13 and 14 show enlargedviews of other parts of the cutting mechanism. Figs. 15 and 16 showenlarged views of the frameshifting mechanism, Fig. 15 being taken onthe line 15 15 of Fig. 16 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Throughout the various views of the drawings, similar referencecharacters designate similar parts.

The machine comprises a bed or table 1, a movable frame 2, movablymounted thereon, aclamp 3, slidably mounted on said table,

and a reciprocating cutter 4, mounted in said frame so as to have aturning and a reciprocating movement.

The table 1 consists of a horizontal bed 5, which is supported by legs6, which legs may be given and suitable shape and rest upon the floor.For strength these legs are preferably united by a horizontallydisposedbrace 7. For convenience, as will appear below, the body 5 is slottedlongitudinally at 8 and 9 and transversely at 10. A guide 11 is fixedlymounted on the braces 7 in any suitable manner, as shown in Figs. 1 and16. This guide 11 is provided with the slideways 12, which are soarranged and disposed as to part 16 may be journaled in the guide. 11 ateach end in the bearing 13 and given any suitable connection with theremainder of the shaft. The precise construction of the shaft 14 isimmaterial, providing it is mounted so as to rotate and have no movementin the direction of its axis.

The frame 2 has a guide 19, which takes under the slideways 12 and whichis secured to the frame 2 by means of bolts 20 or any suitable means.For convenience the nut 17 is generally secured to the guide-block 19,although this may be varied, if desired.

The shaft 14 is rotated by means of a mitergear 21, which meshes with acorresponding miter-gear 22 on a shaft 23, resting in bearings 24 and 25on a leg 6 at the operators end of the machine. At the other end of thisshaft 23 is a similar beveled miter-gear 26, which meshes with acorresponding gear 27, that is fixedly mounted on a stud journaled inthis leg 6, and this stud is provided with a handle 28, by means ofwhich it maybe rotated. Any rotation of the handle 28 causes acorresponding transverse movement of the frame 2 on the guide 11, as isapparent. A second handle 29 is fixed to the worm-shaft 30, which has aworm 31, that engages a worm-gear 32, mounted on a stud-shaft 33, journaled at 34 and 35, as shown in Fig. 7. This stud-shaft I 33 isprovided with a gear 36, which is fixedly mounted thereon and whichmeshes with the corresponding gear 37 on a shaft 38, one end of thisshaft 38 being journaled in the bearing-block 35 and the other or lowerend in ablock 39. At the lower end ofvthis' shaft 38 is fixedly mounteda bevel-gear 40, which meshes with the correspondin gear 41, which isadapted to rotate a shaft 42 by the following means: The gear 41 issecured to a,

sleeve 43 by means of a washer 44 or other suitable mechanism and isgiven a tight fit, so that it has no angular movement with regard to thesleeve 43.

against a bearing 46, which is bolted to a leg 6 by means of bolts 47.

screw-collars 48, secured to the outer end of the sleeve 43. inner endis provided with a key 49, which slides in a keyway 50 in the shaft 42.From this descriptionit is apparent that the gear 41 is mounted-to havea rotating movement only, and the shaft 42 is mounted so as to have alsoa reciprocating movement in the direction of its axis, so that by merelyturning the handle 29 the shaft 42 may be rotated and moved in thedirection of its axis. The inner end of the shaft 42 is provided with amiter-gear 51, which rests just inside a projecting bearing 52, which ispreferably inte-- gral with the frame 2, as shown in Fig. 1.,

This bearing 52 supports one end of'the shaft 42 and is in actualalinement therewith. The shaft 42 isso mounted in the bearing 52 that itis only a-rota-ting movement in said bearmg.

The gear 51 meshes with the corresponding gear 53, slidably mounted upona vertically-disposed shaft 54, which shaft 54 is journaled at its lowerend in the bearing 55, as is apparent in Fig. 12.

frame 2, and this gear 53 is given a slot connection with the shaft 54,as indicated in-this figure, for the purpose mentioned above. Thisconnection, just described, causes the shaft 54 to have the same'angularmovement as-the shaft 42, all'of which may be imparted,

journaled ina manner similar in all respects to the shaft 54, so thatthe shaft 66 may be to the work it has to do.

At one end the sleeve- 43 is provided with a collar 45, which abuts Thisbearing 46 passes through the leg 6 and abuts against- The sleeve 43 ator near-its The miter-gear 531 is provided with an annularrecess 56,which engages a projecting lug 57, secured to the rotated by the gearand have a reciprocating motion therethrough in the direction of itsaxis. The shaft 66 is journaled in lugs 67 and 68 onthe frame 2.

The shafts 66 and 54 have the same axis and are united by a cutter-blade69, which may be given any suitable form, according to At the up er endthe cutter 69 is provided with a per oration through which passes a pin7 O, which also passesthrough a slotted plug 71 with a collar 72, whichrests against the shoulder of. a sleeve 73, which is screw-threaded in abushing 74, which bushing isfixed to the shaft 66.

The lower end of: the shaft 66 is slotted at 75 to the lower end of theshaft 54, asis apparent in Fig.6, where the endof" the shaft 54isslotted, and the perforated lower end of the cutter 69 is heldi'in thisslot by means of'apin 77. It is not necessary toma-ke the connectionbetween the blade 69 andshaft 5'4 id'enti'cal with the connectionbetween this blade and the shaft 66, because the latter has to have thecapacity for longitudinal adjustment so as to compensate for blades ofvarious lengths or to put the blade under tension so astoprevent allbending or moving when operating the machine, which. compensation is notnecessary at more than one endofthe blade.

The upper end of the shaft 54 passes through a bearing 78 the frame 2,and which bearing hason its upperv part a. rotatably-mounted collar 79',provided with anannular recess, into which projectslugs80, secured tothe fixed: part of the bearing 78, and this collar 7 9 hasa-pin 8-1which-enters-the keyway in the shaft 54, so that thiscollar=79 hasthesame angular movement as the shaft 54.

The arms 82 are fixedly secured tothe upper surface of the collar 7.9and extend' upwardly therefrom and arallel with the blade 69 totherotary p ate 83, to which they are fixedly secured. This plate 83 has aslot 84, through which the reciprocating knife 69 passes. By this meansthe plate 83 will always turn with the knife 69, so that it will nevercome'in contact with this knifea-nd produce torsional strains-in it.

For convenience apresserfoot 85 is mounted parallel to and near thevertical shaft 66in the bearing 67. This presser-foot 85has theusualcylindrical-toe 86, which surrounds the blade 69 and protects it intheusual manner. The shaft 87 of this presserfoot, 85 is surrounded in partby a coiled spring 88, one end of which rests-against the upper bearing89 of thisshaf-t and the lower against ad-justably-mounted' collars 90,so that the tension of the presser-footupon the material being cut maybe varied to suit the' shaft 87 prevents anyrotation of this presserfoot 85, whereby all liability to get out of alinement is obviated. Toavoid all. liability to accident from the collision between the bearing67 and the sleeve 76 should the apparatus get out of order, a rubber orother washer 91 is preferably secured immediately under this hearing 67and above the sleeve 7 6. The precise manner in which this washer 71 issecured is immaterial, provided it be securely and properly held.

The reciprocating movement of the cutter 4 or knife 69 is derived from ashaft 92, whichruns parallel with the shafts 58 and 14 and above thesame. This shaft 92 is slidably pivoted in the table of the machine atone end, and at the other it is rotatably, but not slidably, mounted inthe frame 2. At the end in the table 6 it is provided with thebevel-gear 93, which has the usual pin-andslot connection therewith,which gear meshes with a corresponding gear 94 on the armature of amotor 95. It is not necessar to employ a motor for this purpose, as anyot ersuitable source of power may be employed. However, for practicalpurposes an electric motor is found to give the best satisfaction. Thismotor 95 is also geared,by means of a worm secured to the other end ofits armatureshaft, to other mechanism of the machine, as will appearbelow.

The fly-wheel 96 is also mounted on a shaft 92 and preferably under thebed 5 and the table 1, so as to have the same angular movement as theshaft 92. This fiy-wheel should be made heavy enough to insure a steadyand reliable movement of this shaft. This shaft 92 is suitablyjournal'ed in bearings 97, and at its inner end it is provided with aneccentric 98, on which is the usual eccentric-strap 99, which is ivotedat its upper end to a sleeve 100,whicii is rotatably mounted on a shaft54 and held by two fixed collars 101 against a sliding movement on thisshaft 54, so that when the shaft 92 is rotated the shaft 54 is given areciprocating movement in a vertical direction A miter-gear 102 is alsomounted on this shaft 92, which gear engages with a corresponding gear103 on the shaft 104, which shaft is journaled in blocks 105 and has atits up er end a second bevel mitergear 106, whic engages with the corres0nding gear 107 on the shaft 108, journa ed in bearings 109. The shaft108 has an eccentric 110 secured to its inner end, which is identicalwith the eccentric 98 and connected in the same identical manner withthe shaft 66, so that when the shaft 92 is rotated the shafts 54 and66-will reciprocate in unison and hold the cutting-blade 69 tightbetween. them. As the eccentrics 99 and 11 0' are somewhat exposed andvliable to be interfered with by dust from the cutting, it is preferableto encase as far as possible in covers 111, which covers are preferablypivoted at 112 at their lower ends, and a screw clamped at their upperends, as shown at 113. The precise manner in which these covers areapplied is immaterial, roviding it is sufficient.

As the frame 2 slides in the slot 10 of the bed or table and as thisframe 2 is to be made large and strong to be sufficiently rigid toperform its function, it is necessary to provide some closing means tofill the part of the slot 10 unoccupied by the frame 2. This object isaccomplished by placing two rollers 114 and 115, respectively, on thelegs 6 and immediately under the ends of these slots, which rollers arepreferably the ordinary spring-rollers on which curtains are wound.Slats 1 16 are mounted on some flexible material and are wound on saidrollers and secured to the frame 2. These slats 1 16 are so mounted asto slide between the walls of the slot 10 and always fill the portionsof this slot unoccupied by the frame 2.

Between the knife 69 and the vertical web 117 of the frame 2 it is notnecessary to have a flexible construction for filling the slot 10, asthis part is never bent. Therefore this portion is preferably filled byan ordinary plate 118, which extends sufficiently far to include thepivotal plate 83.

The worm 119 on the armatureshaft of the motor 95 meshes with theworm-gear 120, fixed to a shaft 121, journaled at 122. Be tween thebearing 122 are located pulleys 123 and 124. The pulley 123 is anordinary cylindrical pulley, and the pulley 124 is preferably a conicalpulley.

Extending the length of the machine and parallel to the shaft 121 is ashaft 125, on which are fixedly mounted a cylindrical loose pulley 126,which is opposite the pulley 123, and a cone-pulley 127, which isopposite the pulley 124. A belt 128 is so arranged as to pass eitherover the pulleys 123 and 126 or the pulleys 124 and 127. The shaft ismounted so as to have only a rotary movement. A belt-shifter 128 of anysuitable form is controlled by a treadle 129 at the end of the machinenear the handles 28 and 29. As the shifter is of any suitable form andmounted in any suitable manner, a detailed description is unnecessary.

On the shaft 25 and side by side are two rollers 130 and 131,respectively, and on these rollers are wound two belts 132 and 133,respectively. The belt 132 passes under the bed 5 of the table and overa pulley 134 to a clamp 135. This clamp 135 consists of two bars 136 and137, which are preferably roughened at adjacent sides and united bybolts 138. The bar 136 is preferably bent outwardly at its limits toenter the slot 8 to overlap the end of the bed. The belt 133 passes overa roller 1139 and engages a clamp 140,

which is identical in all res ects with the clamp 135, so that adetailed escription of it is unnecessary.

From the fore oing the portion of my device will be readi y understoodand will be as follows: Assuming the machine to be ready for operation,the fabric or material 141 is clamped, stretched, and firmly heldbetween the clamps 135 and 140 and rests on the table controlled, thebelt-shifter 128 causes the belt 128 to leave the pulley 123 and ridedown upon the cone-pulley 124 and upon the cone-v pulley 127, the amountthe belt 128 is shifted depending upon the pressure of the treadle 129,so that the rotation of the shaft 125 can be varied considerably withinthe limits of the machine, the speed being reduced as the belt isshifted away from the pulleys 123 and 126 and increased as the beltapproaches these pulleys, as is obvious. If the shaft 125 is revolved inone direction, the belt 132 is wound upon the spool 130 and the belt 133is unwound from the spool 131. The spools 130 and 131 are made a littleloose on the shaft 125, so as to enable them to slip whatever isnecessary to com ensate for the change in diameters of the spools as thebelt is wound and unwound. These belts 132 and 133 one but not both atthe same time draw over respective clamps, the clamp being drawn eithertoward the pulley 134 or the pulley 139, depending upon whether the belt132 is being wound upon its spool 130 or the belt 133 upon its spool131, the winding-belt being the controlling one at all times, the othersimply serving to keep the fabrics in tension should such tension benecessary. The rotary movement of the blade 69 and the transversereciprocating movement of the {frame 2 are controlled and operated bymeans of the handles 29 and 28, respectively, which handles may berotated in either direction, as desired by the operator, who is supposedto keep one hand on each while the machine is in operation. Thepresser-foot is put on the goods before they are cut, and the spring 88causes this foot to remain in place and under suitable tension, so thatunder no circumstances will the goods being out be raised off the table5 by the reciprocating movement of the cutter. In so far as the cuttingis concerned it is immaterial in what direction the shaft 92 rotates in,as the reciprocations are identical in either case. The movement of thefabric, which is controlled by the shaft 125, depends upon the directionI of rotation of thisshaft, as one belt is always wound and while theother is always unwound. For this reason it is necessary to reverse thedirection in which the fabric is moved or fed to the cutter. Theelectrical connections for causing this reversal of the motor are sowell understood that it is not necessary to illustrate them, and theyare not shown in the drawings. If desired, the motor could always run inthe same direction, and the directionof rotation of the shaft could becontrolled by mechanical means,

such as cross-belts and duplicate sets ofpulleys. As these are also wellknown to those skilled in the art, it is not necessary for me todescribe them.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In a device ofthe class described, a table,"a cutter,- and means for supporting saidcutter so that it may have a reciprocating motion'in a lineperpendicular to the plane of the table; means for causing this cutterto have a rotary motion, and mechanical means for positively moving thecutter transversely of the table.

2. In a device of the class described, a table, a cutter, and means forsupporting said cutter so that it may have a reciprocating motion, meansfor providing the cutter with a rotary movement, means for givin thecut-.

ter a movement transversely of t e table, and means for moving thematerial to be cut longitudinally of the table; whereby the materialmaybe out along any line either straight or curved.

3. In a device of the class described, a table, a reciprocating cutter,means for supporting the cutter so that it has a reciprocating movementin a line perpendicular to the plane of the table, means for providing arotary movement while the cutter is rotating, and manually-controlledand mechanicallyoperated means for moving the cutter at its supportstransversely of the machine.

4. In a device of the class described, a table, a reciprocating cutter,means for supporting the cutter so that it has a reciprocating movement,means for providing the cutter with a rotary .movement,manually-controlled means for moving the cutter at its supportstransversely of the machine, and a clamp with mechanically-operated andmanually-controlled mechanism for moving said clamps lon 'tudinally ofthe machine.

5. In a evice of the class described, a table having a bed withtransverse and longitudinal slots, said transverse slots being filled inpart by a flexible slide.

6. In'a device of the class described, a ta-.

ble havin a transverse slot filled in art by a rigid slide, and in partby flexible s ats and spring-actuated rollers on-which said flexibleparts may be wound or unwound.

7. In a device of the class described,.a table having a slotted bed anda cutter-carrying frame extending up through the slot in sald bed, andmeans for sliding said frame in said slot.

8. In a device of the class described, a table with a slotted bed, uidesunder said bed and parallel with said s 'ot, a cutter-carrying framesliding on said guides and extending through said slots, and means forreciprocating said frame on said guides.

9. In a device of the class described, a table having a slotted bed,guides under and parallel with said slot, a cutter-carrying framesliding on said uides and extending through the slot in sai bed, ascrew-threaded shaft rotatably mounted, a nut fixed to said frame andengaging said threads, and means for rotating said shaft whereby theframe may be reciprocated.

10. In a device of the classdescribed, a table having a slot extendingthrough said frame and resting on guides, said guldes be in attached toa table, and a series of slidab Iy mounted shafts extending throughbearings in said table and restin in bearings in said frame, one of saidshafts eing adapted to give the cutter and frame a reciprocatingmovement; another of said shafts being adapted to give said cutter arotary movement, and the third of said shafts being adapted to give theframe a reciprocating movement.

11. In a device of the class described, a table, a frame resting on aportion of said table, and a series of rotatably-mounted shafts having aslidin connection with said table.

12. In a device of the class described, a table having a reciprocatingframe slidably mounted thereon, and a series of shafts ro tatablymountedon said frame, two of said shafts having a reciprocating as Well as ar0- tary movement, and adjustable means for causing said shafts torotate, whereby a reciprocating cutter may be given a rotary movementabout its axis.

13. In a device of the class described, a table, a cutter-carrying frameslidably mounted on said table, a reciprocating cutter moving above andthrough the body of said table, means for rotating said blade about itsaxis, and means for causing a portion of said table to rotate with saidblade, whereby all torsional strains on the blade are obviated.

14. In a device of the class described, a reciprocatin shaft andscrew-threaded bushing on sai shaft, a slot in said shaft, a plug havinga reduced portion enterin said shaft, and a collar and sleeve adjustably mounted on said bushing and securing said plug in place, and a cuttersecured to said plu 15. In a device of the class described, a table, apair of clamps resting on said table, the shaft extending under saidtable, rollers on said shaft, and belts connecting said clamps androllers whereby the clamps may be moved in either direction by Windingone of said belts on its roller.

16. In a device of the class described, a table, a shaft extending undersaid table, means for rotating said shaft in either direction and varing the speed or rotation; a clamp on sai table, and means forconnecting said clamp with said shaft so that it may be moved in eitherdirection in accordance with the rotation of said shaft.

Signed this 22d day of September, 1905.

ADOLPH E. POLLOCK.

Witnesses:

JOSEPH L. LEVY, GUs'rAvE E. REvNow.

